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Stethoscopes HQ
The
Littmann Stethoscope by Daniel Morris
In 1963, Harvard Medical School
Professor David Littmann, a renowned cardiologist, invented a
stethoscope which would revolutionize the world of medical auscultation.
Stethoscope design had changed
little since the nineteenth century but Littmann realised that
the requirements for listening to low and high pitch sounds were
different.
Accordingly he patented his
dual sided stethoscope which incorporated a chest piece with an
open side for listening to low pitch sounds and a closed side
which filtered out lower pitched sounds.
In addition, the Littmann stethoscope
incorporated features which made it comfortable for the practitioner
to use as well as light and practical to carry.
The level of sound produced
by the new design made such a profound improvement on what had
gone before that in 1967 the 3M corporation acquired Dr Littmann’s
company, Cardiosonics Inc.
As a world leader in health care products 3M continued to improve
and develop the Littmann stethoscope and and in 1978 worked very
closely with leading figures in the medical profession to produce
the 3M Littmann Cardiology Stethoscope.
This became known as the “cardiologists dream stethoscope”
and featured a dual tube and an enhanced low frequency sound capability.
In 1987 a major product development breakthrough was made by
3M engineers who introduced tunable diaphragm technology to the
Littmann stethoscope.
Although Littmann had produced a stethoscope which was ground
breaking at the time it was not without its drawbacks –
the main of which involved having to remove the chest piece from
the patient in order to listen to different types of sound.
The new tunable diaphragm technology allowed the practitioner
to alter the pressure on the chest piece in order to change from
bell mode to diaphragm mode and vice-versa. Accordingly the chest
piece does not need to be moved in order to be optimized for different
sound frequencies.
This represented a hugely significant breakthrough in the area
of auscultation and in addition the fact that low frequency sounds
were being amplified by a diaphragm rather than a bell meant that
amplification was much greater and much clearer.
More recently 3M has developed electronic Littmann stethoscopes
which contain microphone and low noise amplification allowing
chest sounds to be heard 18 times louder than with conventional
equipment. These state of the art stethoscopes also allow sounds
to be recorded and transferred to a PC in order to be analyzed.
Littmann stethoscopes continue to be the market leader in today’s
technologically advanced health care market. There can be no doubt
that Dr Littmann would approve of the legacy he created.
3M Littmann Stethoscopes
Littmann Select Stethoscope – basic model for general
examinations
Littmann Lightweight Stethoscope – suitable for
nurses
Littmann Classic II Paediatric and Infant Stethoscope
– Specialist Paediatric model
Littmann Classic II Stethoscope – the standard
Littmann bell design allied to a tunable diaphragm
Littmann Master Stethoscope – single sided technology
Littmann Cardiology III – features 2 tunable diaphragms
Littmann Electronic E2000 – up to 14 times the
amplification
Littmann Electronic E4000 – up to 18 times the
amplification with recording software
3M and Littmann are registered trademarks of the 3M Corporation
About the Author
Daniel Morris is a writer and owner of the web site www.littmann-stethoscopes-online.com.
Please feel free to use this article on your web site.
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